Bharat ka Samvidhan, Bharat ka sbse ucha vidhan hai. Yah 26 November, 1949 me bnkr taiyar hua aur 26, January me pure Bharatvrsh me lagu kr diya gya. 26 January, 1950 ko Bharat ke Samvidhan divas ke rup me ghosit kiya gya. Lekin is din ko Gantantra Divas ke rup me mnaya jata hai. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar ko Bhartiya Samvidhan ka shilpkar ya nirmata kaha jata hai. Unhe Bharat ke samvidhan ko rchne me kul 2 sal, 11 mhine aur 18 din lge the. Itne vrsho ki kdi mehnat ke bad Bharat ka Samvidhan jakr tiayr hua. Bharat ka Samvidhan kisi bhi desh ke Samvidhan me sbse lmba likhit samvidhan hai.
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Bharat Ke Samvidhan ka Itihas
Dusre visyouddh ki smapti ke bad July 1945 me Britain ne Bharat smbndhi nyi nitiyo ki ghosna ki. Jiske bad Bharat ke Samvidhan ko bnane ke liye 3 mntri ke ek Cabinet Mission Bharat bheja gya. 15 August, 1947 ko Bharat ke aajadi ke bad Samvidhan Sabha ki ghosna hui aur is Sabha ne 2 December, 1947 se apna kam chalu kr diya. Samvidhan sabha ke sadsya raj-sbha ke nirvachit sdyo ke dwara chune gye the. Pt. Jawahar lal Nehru, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkr, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel aur Maulana Abul Kalaam Aazad aadi is sbha ke prmukh sdsya the. Is Samvidhan sbha ke 2 sal 11 mhine aur 18 din me kul 114 behes ki aur kul 12 adhiveshan kiya. Akhiri din 282 sdsyo ne ispr hastakhsar(sign) kiya.
Samvidhan ko bnane me kul 166 din baithk ki gyi aur is baithak me janta aur press dono ko bhag lene ki aajadi thi. Bharat ke Samvidhan ko bnane me sabha ke sbhi 389 sdsyo ne ahm bhumika ada ki. 26 November, 1949 me ise pehli bar aam janta ke samne laya gya aur 26 January, 1950 me ise pure desh me lagu kr diya gya. Bharat ke samvidhan ko bnane me sarvadhik prabhad act 1935 ka hai. Is act me se kul 250 anuchhed liye gye hai.
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Bharatiy Sanvidhan Ka Parichay
Bharat ke Samvidhan me abhi 470 anuchhed aur 12 anusuchiya hai jo 25 bhago me vibhajit kiya gya. Lekin iske nirman ssamay me sirf 395 anuchhed thi jo ki sirf 22 bhago me vibhajit thi aur isme keval 8 anusuchiya thi. Bharitya Samvidhan me Bhartiya Sarkar ke sansdiya rup ki vyavstha ki gyi hai. Bharat ke rastrapti iske pramukh hai. Bharat ke Samvidhan ki dhara 79 ke tahat, kendriya prishad me Rastrapti aur 2 sadan hai. Jinhe ‘Loksabha’ aur ‘Rajyasabha’ ke nam se jana jata hai. Samvidhan ke dhara 74(1) me yah btaya gya hai ki rastrpati ki help ke liye aur use slaah dene ke liye ek rup hoga jiska prmukh pradhanmantri hai. Rastrapti is mantri pramukh ke slaah ke anusar apne kam me nispadn krega. Is prakar vastvik kary ki shakti mntriprishd ke pas hai aur inka prmukh pradhanmntri hota hai.
Samvidhan ki 7vi nusuchi me snsd aur rajya ke bich me shaktiyo ka vitran kiya gya hai. Avshist shktiya snsd me vihit hai. Kendra ke dwara sashit pradesh ko kendrasashit pradesh kaha jata hai.
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Bharatiya Sanvidhan ke Hisse
Bhartiya Samvidhan 22 bhago me vibhajit hai isme 395 anuched aur 12 anusuchiya hai.
| Bhag | Vishay | Anuchhed |
|---|---|---|
| Bhag 1 | Sangh aur Uske Kshetra | ( Anuchhed 1-4 ) |
| Bhag 2 | Nagrikta | ( Anuchhed 5-11 ) |
| Bhag 3 | Mulbhut Adhikar | ( Anuchhed 12-35 ) |
| Bhag 4 | Rajya ke Niti Nideshak tatva | ( Anuchhed 36-51 ) |
| Bhag 4A | Mul Kartvya | ( Anuchhed 51A ) |
| Bhag 5 | Sangh | ( Anuchhed 52-151 ) |
| Bhag 6 | Rajya | ( Anuchhed 152-237 ) |
| Bhag 7 | Satva sansodhan | ( Anuchhed 238 ) |
| Bhag 8 | Sangh Rajya Kshetra | ( Anuchhed 239-242 ) |
| Bhag 9 | Panchayat | ( Anuchhed 243-243O) |
| Bhag 9A | Nagarpalikaye | ( Anuchhed 243P-243ZG) |
| Bhag 10 | Anusuchit aur Janjati Kshetra | ( Anuchhed 244-244A) |
| Bhag 11 | Sangh aur Rajyo ke bich Sambndh | ( Anuchhed 245-263) |
| Bhag 12 | Vit, Sampti, Sanviday aur Vaad | ( Anuchhed 264-300A) |
| Bhag 13 | Antrajya Vyapar, Vanijya aur smagam | ( Anuchhed 301-307) |
| Bhag 14 | Sangh aur Rajyo ke adhin sewaye | ( Anuchhed 308-323) |
| Bhag 14A | Adhikaran | ( Anuchhed 323A-323B) |
| Bhag 15 | Nirvachan | ( Anuchhed 324-329A) |
| Bhag 16 | Kuchh vrgo ke liye vishesh upbndh, smbndh | ( Anuchhed 330-342) |
| Bhag 17 | Rajbhasha | ( Anuchhed 343- 351) |
| Bhag 18 | Aapat Upbandh | ( Anuchhed 352-360) |
| Bhag 19 | Prakirn | ( Anuchhed 361-367) |
| Bhag 20 | Samvidhan ke Sansodhan | ( Anuchhed 368) |
| Bhag 21 | Asthayi Sankrmankalin aur Vishes Upbandh | ( Anuchhed 369 - 392 |
| Bhag 22 | Purn Nam, Prarmbh, Hindi me Pradhikrit path aur nirsan | ( Anuchhed 393 - 395) |
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About Writer
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar ( 14 April, 1891 – 6 December, 1956 ), Dr. Babasahab Ambedkar ke nam se prasiddh the. Ve Rajnitgya, Arthsastri ke sth-sth smajsudhark bhi the. Unhonr dalit baudhh aandolan chlaya aur achhuto se samajik bhedbhavo se viruddh abhiyan chlaya. Ve svatantra bharat ke pehle nyay mantri, Bhartiya Samvidhan ke jnk aur Bharat ganrajya ke nirmata the. Ambedkar ji ne apni siksha Columbia University aur London School of Economics se prapt ki. Vyavsayik jeevan ki suruaat me ve arthsastra ke professor the. Bad me unka rujhan rajniti me bdhne lga. Tb Ambedkar ji Bharat ki swatantrta ke liye prachar aur charchao me shamil ho gye. Dalito ki smajik swatantrta ki vkalt aur bharat ke nirman me unka ahm yogdan hai.
Muje padni hai book or logo ko jagrut Karna hai
Ji han sir
Bari sanvidhan book chahie