Puran (पुराण) – Puran, Hinduo ke dharm-sambandhit granth hai, jinme sansar – rishiyo – rajao ke vrittant aadi hai. Ye vaidik kal ke bahut samay bad ke granth hai, jo smriti vibhag me aate hai. Bharatiya jeevan-dhara me jin grantho ka mahattvpurn sthan hai unme Puran prachin bhakti-grantho ke rup me bahut mahattvpurn mane jate hai. Atharah purano me alg-alg devi-devtao ko kendr mankr pap aur punya, dharm aur adharm, karm aur akarm ki gathaye kahi gyi hai. Kuchh purano me srishti ke aarambh se ant tk ka vivran diya gya hai. Ved me nihit gyan ke atyant kathin hone ke karan aam aadmiyo ke dvara unhe samjhna bahut kathin tha, isliye rochak kathao ke madhyam se ved ke gyan ki jankari dene ki prtha chli. Inhi kathao ke sankalan ko Puran kaha jata hai.
Brahm Puran (ब्रह्म पुराण)
Brahm Puran me srishti ki utpatti, prithu ka pavan charitr, sury evan chandrvansh ka varnan, shri Krishan-charitr, Kalpantjivi Markandey muni ka charitr, teertho ka mahatmy evam anek bhaktiparak aakhyano ki sundar charcha ki gyi hai. Bhagvan Shree Krishan ki Brahm rup me vistrt vyakhya hone ke karan yah Brahm Puran ke nam se prasiddh hai. Brahm Puran me sakar brahm ki upasna ka vidhan hai. Isme brahm ko sarvopari mana gya hai. Isliye is puran ko pratham sthan diya gya hai. Purano ki parmpra ke anusar Brahm Puran me srishti ke samast loko aur Bharatvarsh ka bhi varnan kiya gya hai. Kaliyug ka varnan bhi is puran me vistar se uplabdh hai.
Padm Puran (पद्म पुराण)
Padm Puran sarg, pratisarg, vansh, manvatanr aur vanshanucharit – in panch mahattvpurn lakshno se yukt hai. Bhagvan vishnu ke swarup aur puja upasna ka pratipadan krne ke karan is puran ko Vaishnav Puran bhi kaha gya hai. Padm Puran me vibhinn pauranik aakhyano aur upakhyano ka varnan kiya gya hai, jiske madhyam se Bhagwan vishnu se sambandhit bhaktipurn kathanko ko any purano ki apeksha adhik vistrt rup se btaya gya hai. Padm-Puran srishti ki utpatti arthat Brahma dvara srishti ki rchna aur anek prkar ke any gyano se paripurn hai tatha anek vishayo ke gambhir rahasyo ka isme udghatan kiya gya hai. Isme srishti khand, bhumi khand aur uske bad svarg khand mahattvpurn adhyay hai.
Vishnu Puran (विष्णु पुराण)
Attharah Mahapurano me Shree Vishnu Puran ka sthan bahut uncha hai. Isme any vishayon ke sath Bhugol, Jyotish, Karmkand, Rajvansh aur Shree Krishan-Charitr aadi kyi pransago ka bda hi anutha aur vishad varnan kiya gya hai. Shree Vishnu Puran me bhi is Brahmand ki utpatti, Varn vyavastha, Aashram vyavastha, Bhagwan vishnu evam mata Laxmi ki sarvavyapkta, Dhruv Prahlad, Venu, Aadi rajao ke varnan evan unki jeevan gatha, vikas ki parmpara, krishi gorksha aadi karyo ka sanchalan, bharat aadi nau khand medini, sapt sagaro ke varnan, adyah evam arddh loko ka varnan, chaudah vidyao, vaivasvat manu, ikshvaku, kashyap, puruvansh, kuruvansh, yaduvansh ke varnan, kalpant ke mahapralay ka varnan aadi vishayon ka vistrt vivechan kiya gya hai.
Vayu Puran (वायु पुराण)
Vayu Puran me isme 112 Adhyay evam 11,000 shlok hai. Vidvan log vayu puran ko svatantr puran na mankar shiv puran aur brahmand puran ka hi ang mante hai. Parantu narad puran me jin atharah purano ki suchi di gyi hai, Unme vayu puran ko svatantr puran mana gya hai. Vayu Puran me dan dharm tatha rajdharm adhik vistar se btaye gye hai, jisme prithvi patal disha aur aakash me vichrne vale jeevo ke aur vrat aadi ke sambandh me nirnay kiya gya hai.
Bhagwat Puran (भागवत पुराण)
Attharah purano me Bhagwat nitant mahatvpurn tatha prakhyat puran hai. Purano ki ganna me Bhagwat ashtam puran ke rup me parigrhit kiya jata hai. Bhagwat puran me Maharshi Sut ji unke samksh prastut sadhuo ko ek katha sunate hai. Sadhu log unse vishnu ke vibhinn avtaro ke bare me prashn puchhte hai. Sut ji kehte hai ki yah katha unhone ek dusre rishi Shukdev se suni thi. Isme kul barah skandh hai. pratham skandh me sbhi avtaro ka saransh rup me varnan kiya gya hai.
Narad Puran (नारद पुराण)
Narad Puran is drishti se kafi mahattvpurn hai ki isme atharah purano ki anukramanika di gyi hai. Is puran ke vishay me kaha jata hai ki iska shravan krne se papi vyakti bhi papmukt ho jate hai. Papiyo ka ullekh krte hue kaha gya hai ki jo vyakti brahmahtya ka doshi hai, Madirapan krta hai, mans bhakshan krta hai, veshyagaman krta he, tamsik bhojan khata hai tatha chori krta hai; vah papi hai. Is puran ka pratipady vishay Vishnu Bhakti hai.
Markandeya Puran (मार्कण्डेय पुराण)
Markandey Puran me nau hajar shloko (9000) ka sangrah hai. 137 adhyay vale is puran me 1 se 42ve adhyay tk ke vakta jaimini aur shrota pakshi hai, 43ve se 90 adhyay me vakta Markandey aur shrota kraptuki hai tatha iske bad ke ansh ke vakta sumedha tatha shrota surath-samadhi hai. Markandey Puran akar me chhota hai. Isme ek sau saintis adhyayo me hi lagbhag nau hajar shlok hai. Markandey rishi dvara iske kathan se iska nam markandey puran pda.
Agni Puran (अग्नि पुराण)
Agni Puran ke anusar isme sabhi vidhao ka varnan hai. Yah Agni Dev ke svayam ke Shree Mukh se varnit hai, isliye yah prasiddh aur mahattvpurn puran hai. Yah puran Agni Dev ne Maharshi Vashishth ko sunaya tha. Yah puran do bhago me hai pehle bhag me puran brahm vidya ka sar hai. Iske aarambh me Bhagwan vishnu ke dashavtaro ka varnan hai. Is puran me 11 rudro, 8 vasuo tatha 12 aadityo ke bare me btaya gya hai. Vishnu tatha Shiv ki puja ke vidhan, Sury ki puja ka vidhan, nar singh mantr aadi ki jankari bhi is puran me di gyi hai. Iske atirikt prasad evam devalay nirman, murti pratishtha aadi ki vidhiyan bhi batayi gyi hai.
Bhavishya Puran (भविष्य पुराण)
Bhavishy Puran me bharatvarsh ke vartman samast aadhunik itihas ka varnan hai. Iske pratisarg parv ke tritiy tatha chaturth khand me itihas ki mahattvpurn samgri vidyaman hai. Itihas lekhako ne prayah isi ka aadhar liya hai. Isme madhykalin Harsh Vardhan Maharaj Prithvi raj chauhan, Mahavir bappa raval, Hemu aadi hindu rajao aur Alauddun, Muhammad Tugalak, Taimuralang, Babur tatha Akbar aadi ka varnan hai. Iske madhyamparv me samast karmkand ka nirupan hai.
Brahm Vaivart Puran (ब्रह्मवैवर्त पुराण)
Brahm Vaivrat Puran me char khand hai. Brahmkhand, Prakrtikhand, Shree Krishan janmkhand aur Ganesh khand. in charon khando se yukt yah puran attharah hajar shloko ka btaya gya hai. Yah vaishnav puran hai. Is puran me Shree Krishan ko hi pramukh isht mankr unhe srishti ka karan btaya gya hai. Brahm vaivart shabd ka arth hai- brahm ka vivart arthat brahm ki rupantar rashi. Brahm ki rupantar rashi prakrti hai. Prakrti ke vividh parinamo ka pratipadan hi is Brahm Vaivart Puran me prapt hota hai. Kehne ka tatpary hai prakrti ke bhinn-bhinn parinamo ka jaha pratipadan ho vhi puran Brahm vaivart kehlata hai.
Ling Puran (लिंग पुराण)
Ling Puran me bhagwan Shiv ki upasna ka varnan hai. Isme Shiv ke 28 avtaro ki kathaye di gyi hai. Isme 11,000 shlok aur 163 adhyay hai. Ise purv aur uttar nam se do bhago me vibhajit kiya gya hai. Iska rchnakal aathavi-navi shtabdi mana jata hai. Yah puran bhi puran ke lakshano par khra nhi utarta hai.
Varah Puran (वराह पुराण)
Sampurn Varah Puran do bhago se yukt hai aur Sanatan Bhagwan vishnu ke mahatmay ka suchak hai. Varah Puran ki shlok sankhya 24 hajar hai, Ise sarvpratham prachin kal me Vedvyas ji ne lipibaddh kiya tha. Isme Bhagwan Shree Hari ke Varah avtar ki mukhy katha ke sath anek tirth, vrat, yagy-yajan, shraddh-tarpan, dan aur anushthan aadi ka shikshaprad aur aatm kalyankari varnan hai. Bhagwan Shree Hari ki mahima, pujan-vidhan, himalay ki putri ke rup me Gauri kee utpatti ka varnan aur bhagwan shankar ke sath unke vivah ki rochak katha isme vistar se varnit hai.
Skand Puran (स्कन्द पुराण)
Skand Puran kathit rup me ek shat koti puran hai, jisme Shiv ki mahima ka varnan kiya gya hai. Uske sarabhut arth ka vyasaji ne Skand Puran me varnan kiya hai. Skand Puran ikyasi hajar shloko se yukt hai evan isme sat khand hai. Pehle khand ka nam maheshvar khand hai, Isme barah hajar se kuchh kam shlok hai. Dusra vaishnav khand hai, tisra brahm khand hai. chautha kashi khand evam panchava avanti khand hai; fir kramash: nagar khand evan prabhas khand hai.
Vaman Puran (वामन पुराण)
Vaman Puran me kurm kalp ke vritant ka varnan hai aur trivarn ki katha hai. Yah puran do bhago se yukt hai aur vakta shrota dono ke liye shubh karak hai, Isme pehle puran ke vishay me prashn hai, fir Brahma ji ke shirachchhed ki katha kapal mochar ka aakhyan aur daksh yagy vidhvansh ka varnan hai. Isme vishnu ke vaman-avtar ka varnan hai. Isme 95 adhyay aur 10,000 shlok hai. Iska rachna kal 9vi se 10vi shatabdi mana jata hai.
Kurma Puran (कूर्म पुराण)
Matsya Puran (मत्स्य पुराण)
Matsya Puran me sat kalpo ka kathan hai, narsingh varnan se shuru hokr yah chaudah hajar shloko ka puran hai. Manu aur matsy ke sanvad se shuru hokr brahmand ka varnan brahma devta aur asuro ka paida hona, marudgano ka pradurbhav iske bad raja prthu ke rajy ka varnan vaivast manu ki utpatti vrat aur upvaso ke sath martandashayan vrat dvip aur loko ka varnan dev mandir nirman prasad nirman aadi ka varnan hai.
Garud Puran (गरुड़ पुराण)
Brahmand Puran (ब्रह्माण्ड पुराण)
Isme 109 adhyay tatha 12,000 shlok hai. yah puran bhavishy kalpo se yukt aur barah hajar shloko vala hai. Iske char pad hai, pehla prakriyapad dusra anushpad tisra upodghat aur chautha upasanhar pad hai. Iski rachna 400 ee.- 600 ee. mani jati hai.